Automatic tool block



s. 1.. CASELLA ET AL AUTOMATIC TOOL BLOCK SShee'cs-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 4, 1943 mr 60H OH mh mm INVENTORS SZCONDO A. [1A /MOFF v MORRIS 6- H B W ATTORNEY Jan. 1, 1946. s. 1.. CASELLA ET AL AUTOMATIC TOOL BLOCK Filed Spt. 4, 1943 -3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS QSHONDO LCASEZLA MOP'Q/S G- H/MOFF fifi ORNEY Jan. 1, 1946. a L, C'ASELLA ET AL- 2,392,228

AUTOMATIC TOOL BLOCK 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Q v i xwfl ,2 Q Q @Q my I f mm b mm k N. Z N2 INVENTORS S'CO/VDO L. CASELLA MOAP/S 6. H/MOFF 25 ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 1, 1946 2,392,228 AUTOMATIC TOOL BLOCK Secondo L. Casella and Morris G. Himoff, New I York, N. Y., assignors to Morey Machinery 00., Inc., New York, N. Y.,' a. corporation of New York Application September 4, 1943, Serial No. 501,212

Claims.

This invention relates to automatic tool block. An object of thi invention is to provide an automatic tool block adapted to be mounted on a cross slide of a lathe and having highly iman indexible tool holder.

A further object of this invention is to provide in a device of the character described, an indexible tool holder, means to clamp the holder, a locking pin to lock the holder in each of a plu rality of index positions, a handle, and means operable upon rotation of the h'andle to sequentially unclampthe holder, release the locking pin, rotate the holder to a new index position, lock the locking pin, and clamp the holder.

Yet a further object of this invention is to provide a device of the character described, in which the release of the clamp and locking pin, the rotation of the holder and subsequent locking of the locking pin andactuation of the clamp is accomplished by rotation of the handle substantially one complete turn, either clockwise or counterclockwise.

Yet another objectof this invention is to provide a brake clamp for an indexible member and highly improved means to actuate "the clamp and produce a tight grip by means of a relatively small movement of the actuating part,

Still a further object of this invention is to provide a highly improved deviceof the character described including gearing for rotating the indexible tool holder 90 in either direction each time the handl is rotated through substantially one turn.

proved means for rotating, locking and clamping Yet a further object of this invention'is to provide a device of the character described having means to provide a lost motion at the beginning and end of each turn of the handle before operation of the device begins, whereby to make it unnecessary to rotate the handle through any exact angle, thereby facilitating operation of the device.

A still further object of this invention is to provide in a device of the character described an indexible tool holder, a handle, and means to turn the tool holder through a turn each time the handle is rotated in either direction substantially a complete turn, the arrangement being such that thetool holder will rotat in the same direction as the handle.

Yet another object of this invention is to provide a device of the character described in which the handle is near the operator and away from the tools on the turret and in' which the handle isprovided' with a hand grip disposed above the planeof the tool turret, whereby to prevent the tools on the turret from contacting th hands of the operator, thereby making the device safe to use. Still a further object of this invention is to provide a strong, rugged and compact device of the character described which shall be relatively inexpensive to manufacture, easy to assemble, smooth and positive in operation, and yet practical and efiicient to a high degree in use.

' Other objects of this invention will in part be obvious and in part hereinafter pointed out.

The invention accordingly consists in the'features of construction, combinations of elements, and arrangement of parts which will be exemplified in the construction hereinafter described, and of which the scope of application will be in-- dicated in the following claims.

In the accompanying drawings, in which is shown one of the various possible illustrative embodiments of this invention,

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of an automatic tool block embodying the invention with parts broken away and in cross-section;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof; 7

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken '3-3 of Fig. 2; i I

Fig, 4 is a cross-sectional view taken 4 -4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken 5--5=of Fig. 3; n

Fig.6 is a cross-sectional view taken 6-6 of Fig. 1;

Fig. -7 is a cross-sectional view taken 1--1 of Fig. 3; and v 1 Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken 88 ofFig. 3.

Referring now in detail to thedrawings, l0 designates an automatic tool block embodying the invention. The same comprises a base l l. Said base is formed with a recess I2 at its underside providing side walls l3, a front Wall l4, and a rear wall l5. Said front and rear walls comprise flanges formed with countersunk through openings [6 communicating with aligned. longitudinal' grooves l1 formed on the underside of said walls. The grooves 11' are adapted'to register with the T-slots l8 in the cross slide IS on I line on line on line on I line on line on line on which device i0 is mounted. Said front and rear walls are furthermore formed with vertical, screw threaded openings 20 extending upwardly from the underside thereof and disposed adjacent the openings 16 and likewise communicating with the grooves I1. f

Said base ll furthermore comprises a horizon- 'axis of the base.

tion 25. Said top wall 22 is formed with a recess 3 26 in its top adjacent the rear end thereof and with a circular boss '21 extending upwardly from said recessed surface. The boss 21 is formed with an annular undercut groove 28 below the upper surface thereofisaidgroove having; arr-upwardly; and outwardly inclined upper' surface 30. Ex'- tending upwardly from the boss 21 is an axial The wall 22, boss 21, and. sleeve 31 sleeve 3|. are formed with an axial through opening 33. The wall 22 is also formed with a vertical through face 26 thereof and disposed on; the longitudinal Said wall 22 is formed with likewise .on the longitudinal axis of the, base.

tal wall 22, and an upwardly extending wall 23 1 having side portions 24, and a curved front porthermore formed: with. narrow; vertical through 1 opening 34 extending through the recessed suranother vertical through opening 35 similar to: opening: 311? and- Said wall 22 is formed with shallow annular bosses- 34d. and a,- onethe undersidethereot at openings. 34. and; 35 respectively,

Said; wall. 22 is furthermore formed. with av shallow' boss 33a on the underside thereof at I thedower-s end; of opening; 33;

wall. 2-21 is. also formed with; a vertical 1 through; opening: 36; disposed-bathe. longitudinal axis; oft the. base; andlocated. between. the. openings; 34. and 3.5..

Adjacent. the front end of. the. base wall. 22

1 has? a: recess- 51 oftgre-ater depth thanrtheerepess l2, forming. a-thinnedwall 38.. The. wall. 38 is formed; with. a vertiea-L through opening; 39. likewise. located. on. the; longitudinal: axis-of. the. base; At the lower. end. of. said. opening-,isgan annular boss. 39a.

Attached to: the. underside, of. the. flanges; 14

43: passing through: the registering. openings. [6, 42%.. The lower endsvof. said: screws are. screwed to base clamping... nuts; within slot, IS; The

4.42 engaged. withinthe. screw threaded openings 20 and passing through appropriate openings in j the keys;

The wall 22 is formed with a vertical: throu h opening; Miidisposedina'vertioali plane; passing The keys 4i; are

- holder; by a. key 1.3.

keys 4| areattachedr to therfian es. l5 y screws-.4

openings 58 co-axial with the sockets. Said through openings are screw threaded at their up per ends as at 59.

Within-each socket 56 is a lock pin socket washer 60 formed with a central opening and contactingtheupper' surface of the socket. Fitted 1 within each-socketis a lock pin bushing 6| having'a tapered lower surface 62. Screwed within the upper end ofeach opening 58 is a set screw BXf lemoying; set. screws 63, the washers 60 and. bushings 6| may be knocked out of the sockets" 56. g

' Extending; throughthe; registering; opening 33 and, 49; ir the base, and; tool; holders. is. a, verticalshaftiil. Screyvedrtothelower end-of: shait 1,0; is: a nut, 1i; and: screwed to the; upper; end of. saidgshait is; a; cap; nut..12.. lnterposeda between the cap nut 12 and the toolgholder, 4-1-is-a washer; l-2a., The;v shaft. 10. is; keyed to;v the tool It: will. now be; understood that rotation-- of the shaft. 10 will: causethe tool holder: to: rotate.

Means.- is provided to. rotate shaft 10 and hencethe tool holder, To; this endthere is mounted: on the: shaft, 110.: adjacent. the; lower end 't-hereot a; gear 15 held. onthe shaft by; the nut H and awasher. H interposed between. thernut and said. gear. The gear may be; keyed to; the shaft-b5 a key 161.. Receivedywithinthe vertical opening; 34 in, wall 2 2, isla vertical gear, stud l -l is rotatably? mounted a. gear 8.3r'mesh e; W th through the axis of'opening 33 and dis-posed, at

right angles: to the longitudinalv axis: ofthe base. Said wall 22 is furthermore formed withia 1.0.n? g i-tudina-lslot, or recess 46a. at its underside; parallel to a. side wall l3 and communicating with The tool,holder 4-1 is provided. at. the lower endthereofi with an; annular boss. 52 formed. with an. annular grooye 5.3 having a downwardly and outwardly inclined lower surface 54.. The boss 52. is complementary to; the. boss- 21 and registherewith for the purpose: hereinafter appearing.

Said tool'hold'er is furthermore formedlon: the

with opening:35-.. The-inner endof-jopening- 88a 7 isscrewrthreaded as at. am to receive aset. screw 812a:- adapted to, engage1. withingthe groove; 19a; of stud; ll-a tohold the stud; in place. Rotatably mounted on thezlowerenlargedv end of stud; 11a isa'gear. meshing. with thegear 83. Said ea-r 85 is formed at four equally spaced apart points with cimulannotohes 8 Ea h: notohis: ut. in the: outer ends of: a pair of. teeth. 8 as; sho n in the; drawings. Th notches: re. urved; tor h purpose:- hereinafter; appearin Y Rotatably mountectfwithin; opening 3.9; of, the basais a: vertical lever: shaft: 8.8;.having a: reduced portion 8.8a; adjacentits: lnw r en Ext ndi a nut 9.0.

Mounted onthalowerend ofsha-ft portion 88a andkened; thereto, is an intermittent. o segmental pinion 9.2-. Said.- pi-nion. 92-. is formed with, a

into locking positionafter the tool holder segmental; smooth curved portion 93 and with a segmental gear toothed portion 94; The radius of curvaturepof portion 93 is similar to the radius of curvature ofthe notches 86. The pinion 92 is keyed to shaft portion 88a as illustrated; The number of teeth in the toothed portion 94 of the pinion 92 is sufficient to rotate gear 85 through an angle of 90.

It will now be understood that a Geneva gear construction is provided and that each time shaft 88 is rotated 360 gear 85 makes one-quarter of a turn. The number of teeth in the gears 85 and 15 is similar so that each time gear 85 makes onequarter of a turn, gear I5 likewise makes onequarter of a turn.

Thus rotation of the shaft 88 through an angle. of 360 in either direction will cause the tool holder 41 to rotate through an angle of 90.

Means is provided to lock the holder in-each of its'four indexed positions. To this end there is slidably mounted in opening 48, a locking pin 95 having a tapered upper end. The locking pin 95 is adapted to be moved upwardly in the manner hereinafter disclosed, to selectively engage within the bushings BI.

There is provided means for moving the locking pin 95 downwardly to release the holder before rotating the holder from one index position to another, and to again move said locking pin up-* wardly to locking position after the holder has been rotated to a new index position. To this end'the base I I is formed with a horizontal opening I extending'to opposite sides of the slot 46a and located about midway between openings 33 and 39. Inserted within said opening I00 is a pivot pin ,IOI traversing said slot. Pivot pin II has an annular groove IOIa. Base wall 22 has a vertical hole IOIb receiving a set screw IOIc engaging groove IOIa to hold pin IOI in place. Pivotally mounted on said pin IOI is a lever I02, located in slot 46a. Said lever I02 has a front arm I03 and a rear arm I04. The rear arm I04 is received in a notch I05 at the lower end of the locking pin 95. Thus rotation of the lever I02 in a counterclockwise direction will raise the locking pin 05, whereas rotation of the lever in a clockwise direction will lower the locking pin. I

' On the shaft portion 88a and keyed thereto is a cam disc I01. Said disc I01 is located above gear 92 and is formed on the upper side thereof with a cammed portion I08 extending through about an angle of 270; the opposite ends of said cam being ramped downwardly as at I081; and I08 A plane passing through the axis of shaft 8 and bisecting the segmental portion 93 is disposed at right angles to a plane passing through the axis of said shaft and bisecting the angle between the ramp ends I08a, I08b of the cam' I08. I

The front end I03a of lever arm I03 projects downwardly onto the cam disc. The shaft 88 can thus rotate about 45 in either direction before the lever is raised by either ramp I08a or I08b. How-1' ever, gear 85 will not begin to rotate until shaft 88 has been rotated through an angle of about 90 in either direction so that the lever is rotated to lower the locking pin 95 and release the ,tool holder before said holder beginsto .rotate. After the locking pin has been' lowered to release the holder, the shaft may be rotated through an angle of about 270 while the locking pin is held down and portion I03a of the lever rides on'the dwell portion I08 of theeam. During this angle of rotation the holder is rotated through an angle of 90". Thus the locking pin is moved up been rotated through an angle of 90 from one index position to another index position, and this -is true whether the shaft is turned in one di- I thereof.

H within the opening I25.

rection or the other.

The lever is retained in contact with the cam by means of a spring pressed plunger IIO slidably mounted in an opening III in the base and described in greater detail hereinafter.

Mounted on the base is a cover I I4 which is the plunger I I0 passesthrough the opening II'I.- A'spring II8 on the stem of the plunger is 111- terposed between the head thereof and the upper end of the socket IIB, as illustrated in Fig.1 of the drawings. The plunger thus engages the lever and keeps it in contact with the cam disc.-

Means is provided to clamp the tool block' ineach of its index positions to prevent chatter. To this end there is provided a brake clamp I20 comprising a pair of substantially similar symmetrical brake parts I2I each having a semi-cylindrical portion I22 and a lug I23 at the rear end sunkthrough opening I 24, whereas the other lug I23 is formed with a screw threadedthrough opening I25. Extending through the countersunk through opening I24 is a screw I26 screwed Screw I26 serves" to adjust the break.

At the front ends of brake or cam portions I2I' are parallel, symmetrical extensions ;I30 having inwardly and forwardly inclined outer surfaces I 3I. On the inner surfaces of the extensions I30 are registering sockets I32 receiving aspring I33 interposed between said extensions and normally urging the brake portions I2I apart to re-* lease the holder. The brake portions I2I sur"- round the complementary bosses 2'Iand 52 of the base and holder respectively. Said brake portions are formed on the inner surfaces thereof with grooves I 34 having inclined top and bottom surfaces engaging the surfaces 54 and 30 of the holder and base respectively. A v

On the outer side of each of the lugs I30-is embedded a vertical pin I36 projecting beyond the inclined surface I3I. At the outside of lugs I30, and spaced therefrom are parallel lugs' I40.

.Slidably mounted on the base is a clamp actuat ing member I4I having a bifurcated arm I42 received between the lugs I30 and I40, and having forwardly and inwardly inclined surfaces [43 adapted to engage the pins I36. Member MI is slidably mounted between the wall-portions 24 of the base.

It will now be understood that as member I4I moves to the right, looking at Fig. 4 of the drawings, it will draw the brake portions I2I 'together" to tightly'grip the holder and clamp it to the base. However, as member I4I moves to the left or forwardly it will release the brake portions I 2|, which are then separated by the spring I 33 to release the holder. Mounted on the shaft 88 and keyed thereto is a'cam I45 adapted to engage the forward end of member I4I, for moving member I4I to 'thejright, to clamping position.

Means is provided to retract member I4I' when the cam is moved to the right or left from the position shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings; "To

Said cover is also formed One lug I23 is formed with a counter the second gear on said shaft, and a handle fixed to said last-mentioned segmental gear.

2. A device of the character described, comprising a base, a tool holder mounted for rota tion on the base about a vertical axis, said tool holder having a plurality of angularly spaced sockets, a locking pin on said base adapted to selectively engage said sockets, a lever pivoted medially the ends thereof on said base and having one arm engaging the locking pin, a vertical shaft rotatably mounted on the base, a cam on the shaft adapted to engage the other arm of the lever, a segmental gear on said shaft, a gear fixed to the tool holder for rotation therewith, gearing interposed between said segmental gear and the gear fixed to the tool holder, a second gear on said shaft, a segmental gear adapted to mesh with the second gear on said shaft, a. handle fixed to said last-mentioned segmental gear, said handle extending upwardly, and a hand grip ball rotatably mounted on the outer end of said handle.

3. A device of the character described, comprising a base, a tool holder mounted for rotation on the base about a vertical axis, said tool holder having a plurality of angularly spaced sockets, a locking pin on said base adapted to selectively engage said sockets, a lever pivoted medialily the ends thereof on said base and having one arm engaging the locking pin, a vertical shaft rotatably mounted on the base, a cam on the shaft adapted to engage the other arm of the lever, a segmental gear on said shaft, a gear fixed to the tool holder for rotation therewith, gearing interposed between said segmental gear and the gear fixed to the tool holder, a second gear on said shaft, and a second gear adapted to mesh with the second gear on said shaft, and handle means to rotate said second segmental gear. l 1 4. A device of the character described, comprising a base, a tool holder mounted for rotation on the base about a vertical axis, said tool holder having a plurality of angularly spaced sockets, a locking pin on said base adapted to selectively engage said sockets, a lever pivoted medially the ends thereof on said base and having one arm engaging the locking pin, a vertical shaft rotatably mounted on the base, a cam on the shaft adapted to engage the other arm of th lever, a segmental gear on said shaft, a gear fixed to the tool holder for rotation therewith, gearing interposed between said segmental gear and the gear fixed to the tool holder, a second gear on said shaft, and a second segmental gear adapted to mesh with the second gear on said shaft, said second segmental gear having a zone of free movement without movingsaid second gear and provided with means to prevent movement of said second gear while said second segmental gear is in said free zone, and handle means to rotate said second segmental gear.

5. A turret indexing device comprising a rotatably mounted turret, a first shaft, a handle on said shaft, a mechanism operated by said shaft for step by step indexing of the turret and locking of the turret after each indexing step, and unlocking of said turret before each indexing step, said mechanism being so constructed and proportioned that said step by step movement of said turret in one direction is accomplished by continuous rotation of said handle and shaft in one direction, and step by step movement of the turret in an opposite direction is accomplished by continuous rotation of said handle and shaft in an opposite direction, and a single step indexing of the turret is accomplished by rotation of the handle through less than a revolution, the remaining portion of said revolution being a free zone of movement, said mechanism including a second shaft, and means operatively connecting said second shaft and said turret to successively unlock the turret, index the turret and again lock the turret, and intermittent gearing connecting said first and second shafts, said intermittent gearing comprising a gear on the second shaft having teeth all around its circumference, and a gear on the first shaft having teeth around a major portion only of its circumference interengaging the teeth of the gear on the second shaft, rotation of said handle during the portion of revolution where the teeth of the gear on the first shaft meshes with the teeth of the gear on the second shaft being adapted to index the turret one step, and the remaining portion of the circumference of the gear on the first shaft being so constructed that during the free zone of movement of the handle, the gear on said first shaft is ineffectual to rotate the second shaft, whereby said handle starts from any position in the free zone and ends in any position in the free zone in order to successively unlock the turret, index the same, and then again lock the turret.

SECONDO L. CASELLA. MORRIS G. HIMOFF. 

